This lamina also receives descending information from the brain through the rubrospinal and corticospinal tracts. This information is sent to the brain through the spinothalamic and contralateral tracts. Rexed lamina V: Lamina V relays sensory information, including potentially harmful sensations.These cells connect with the cells located in lamina II and partially correspond to the nucleus proprius. Rexed lamina IV: This lamina is involved in relaying and processing non-noxious sensory information.The cells within this layer connect with the cells located in IV, V and VI. Rexed lamina III: Lamina III is involved in perceiving the sensation of light, touch and proprioception - the body’s perception or awareness of its movement and position.Many of the neurons in this lamina receive various information from the sensory dorsal root ganglion cells and the descending dorsolateral fasciculus. Rexed lamina II: Lamina II is composed of tightly packed interneurons and also responds to noxious stimuli.The cells in lamina I respond to thermal and noxious stimuli. Rexed lamina I: Lamina I is comprised of a thin layer of cells that cap the uppermost portion of the dorsal horn with an array of nonmyelinated axons and small dendrites.Another important component of the spinal cord are the rexed lamina, including the: These messages are conveyed to the brain from the spinal cord through the lemniscal pathway or spinothalamic tract.
#Parts of the spinal cord xsection skin
The joints, skin and internal organs send specialized neurons to the spinal cord that help the brain recognize various sensations, including touch, pain, temperatures and vibrations. The pia mater is the delicate inner layer, the arachnoid is the middle layer and the dura mater is the tougher outer layer. The brain and spinal cord are protected by three layers of membranes known as the meninges. The average spinal cord is approximately 18 inches and is relatively cylindrical. The spinal cord runs from the highest neck bone to the highest vertebra of the lower back, or from C1 to L1. The spinal column is a tubular or tunnel structure protecting the spinal cord and sensitive spinal nerves from injury. The top 24 vertebrae are mobile, while the vertebrae of the coccyx and the sacrum are fused. Vertebral anatomy is divided and numbered depending on the region of the spine, including the vertebrae of the coccygeal, sacral, lumbar, thoracic and cervical regions. The spinal column is made of 33 vertebrae, which are individual bones that interlock and connect with one another. On the other hand, a lordotic curve is a concave spinal curve found in the lumbar or cervical portions of the spine. A kyphotic curve is a convex spinal curve found in the sacral or thoracic spinal segments. These curves are known as either kyphotic or lordotic curves. The spine shows unique curves when viewed from the side. Similar to the spinal column, the spinal cord is divided into four sections, including the sacral, lumbar, thoracic and cervical regions. The spinal cord is an important structure between the brain and the body that carries nerve impulses between the brain and the spinal nerves. The cervical spine comprises seven vertebrae that help protect the upper spinal cord and the brain stem. The uppermost portion of the spine makes up the neck region and is known as the cervical spine. The thoracic vertebrae have longer spinous processes and are larger than the cervical bones. The 12 thoracic vertebrae are located above the lumbar spine and below the last cervical vertebra. The lumbar spine allows for a wider range of mobility than the thoracic spine but less mobility than the cervical spine. These vertebrae are the largest of the spine and are responsible for carrying and supporting the majority of the body’s weight.
The next portion of the spine is the lumbar spine, which consists of five vertebrae. Immediately below the sacrum is the coccyx, also known as the tailbone, consisting of five fused bones. The sacrum fits between the two hip bones and connects the pelvis to the spine. The sacrum is composed of five bones fused together into a triangular shape and situated behind the pelvis. These parts of the spine make up the back anatomy, and each serves a unique purpose. The back has four main parts, including the sacral, lumbar, thoracic and cervical regions. The various regions of the spinal column and cord work together to send messages from the brain to different areas of the body. There are numerous areas of the spine that each has a unique function and helps the body perform vital processes. The spine is a complex structure that is responsible for providing support to the body.
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